New York Nail Technician License Practice Test

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Substances that can alter the genetic material of living cells are known as?

  1. Carcinogens

  2. Mutagens

  3. Teratogens

  4. Pathogens

The correct answer is: Mutagens

Substances that can alter the genetic material of living cells are classified as mutagens. These agents can cause changes or mutations to the DNA structure, which may lead to various biological effects, including changes in cell function or the development of diseases like cancer. Mutagens can be physical, such as radiation, or chemical, such as certain substances found in tobacco smoke or industrial pollutants. Their ability to induce mutations makes them significant in discussions about genetics and cell biology, particularly in the context of health risks associated with exposure. While carcinogens are also harmful agents, they specifically lead to cancer and can sometimes act as mutagens, but not all mutagens necessarily cause cancer. Teratogens, on the other hand, are substances that can cause developmental malformations in embryos or fetuses, while pathogens are organisms that can cause disease. This distinction illustrates the unique role of mutagens in altering genetic material directly.