New York Nail Technician License Practice Test

What pathogenic agent is smaller than bacteria and can destroy healthy cells?

1. Fungi

2. Bacteria

3. Virus

4. Protozoa

The correct answer is: Virus

The correct answer is a virus, which is a type of pathogenic agent that is indeed smaller than bacteria. Viruses are unique in that they are not considered living organisms outside of a host cell; they consist of genetic material (DNA or RNA) surrounded by a protein coat. Unlike bacteria, which are single-celled organisms that can multiply on their own, viruses require a host cell to replicate. When viruses invade a host, they can hijack the cellular machinery to produce more virus particles, often leading to the destruction of healthy cells in the process. This ability to infect and damage the host's cells is one of the reasons why viruses are associated with various diseases and infections. In contrast, fungi, bacteria, and protozoa are all different types of pathogens. Fungi are generally larger and consist of complex structures, while bacteria are unicellular organisms that can reproduce independently. Protozoa are single-celled organisms that can cause disease but are also larger and more complex than viruses. Thus, the ability of viruses to destroy healthy cells while being smaller than bacteria underscores their unique and harmful nature.