Which structure is responsible for the growth of the nail?

The nail matrix is the area responsible for the growth of the nail. Located under the base of the nail, the matrix comprises living cells that divide and produce new nail tissue. As these cells grow and keratinize, they become hardened and form the nail plate that you see on the surface. The health and activity of the matrix are crucial for nail growth; any damage to this area can result in deformities or halted growth.

Understanding the other structures highlights the unique role of the nail matrix. The nail body is the visible part of the nail, but it does not contribute to growth itself. The nail bed is the skin beneath the nail plate and provides support but does not generate new nail material. The cuticle is a layer of skin that protects the matrix area and prevents infection but does not play a role in the actual growth of the nail. Thus, it's clear that the nail matrix is essential for the nail's development and overall health.